Racing Planes of Fame
A visit to the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Chino, California is a tour through the history of air racing.
- By Linda Shiner
- AirSpaceMag.com, March 01, 2008
The winner of the first Schneider Trophy race was France with a Deperdussin. The replica can float; the original won the race in 1913 with a speed of about 46 mph.
Frank Mormillo
In the early days of aviation in the thirties, racers were faster than military aircraft, says Ed Maloney, founder of the Chino, California. "That's unheard of today, but in those days, the Gee Bees and Travel Airs—some of these aircraft were flying rings around the military fighters." In fact, at the Walter Beech's famous Travel Air Mystery Ship did fly a ring: Pilot Doug Davis cut a pylon and had to return to circle it. He still beat a U.S. Army Curtiss Hawk to take first place.
The Golden Age racing aircraft in the Planes of Fame museum represent an era when technology was pushed forward, not by government contracts or corporations, but by small airplane companies and individuals, driven by prize money and the thrill of the race. Among the original aircraft in the museum is Keith Rider's R-4 Firecracker that Tony LeVier piloted to win the 1938 Greve Trophy in a closed-circuit speed race. With steel tube frame and retractable landing gear, the Firecracker was a low-wing speedster with a very long snout to house the six-cylinder, in-line Menasco C6S-4 Super Buccaneer engine. LeVier won the 1938 race with a speed of more than 250 mph.
The museum also displays the first Greve trophy winner—a 1934 Miles & Atwood racer—and Keith Rider's 1938 R-6, the Eight Ball. Replicas of Golden Age racers include the beautiful Howard Hughes H-1 and the Army Lt. James Doolittle won the 1932 Thompson Trophy.
Of course no racing collection would be complete without a Gordon Israel built a pair of racers, "Mike" and "Ike." The museum owns a replica of "Ike," which in 1932 reached 191 mph in the Thompson Trophy race and placed seventh. (Howard had a sense of humor, but the racing community had to take him seriously. In 1935, his darned good designs won a grand slam: the Bendix, Thompson, and Greve trophies.)
Maloney has acquired 17 racers altogether. "We try to cover most of the periods," he says. "We start with a 1910 Curtiss Pusher and then go from there over the years." Four of the aircraft are replicas of the great Schneider Cup racers, winners of the international seaplane races held between 1913 and 1931: the Deperdussin that won the first race in Monaco; the Curtiss R3C-1 that Doolittle flew to victory in 1925 (the aircraft, outfitted with landing gear instead of floats, won the 1925 Pulitzer race as well); Italy's Macchi M.39, which won the 1926 race; and the Supermarine S6b that took the cup in 1931, when Great Britain retired the trophy, having won three races in a row.
"We in the United States had the opportunity to retire that race," says Maloney. "We won in '23, and then Doolittle won in '25, so we only had to win one more. But it didn't work out that way." In the intervening year, 1924, other countries were unable to send racers to the competition. By the rules of the race, the United States could have raced only U.S. aircraft that year, and that would have made Doolittle's win in 1925 the final victory. Instead, says Maloney, "We stood down until we could get some competition. The British didn't do that in '31; they said, if nobody can make it, that's their tough luck."
Maloney had hoped to reconstruct the aircraft that might have reclaimed the trophy for the Americans—the Mercury raceplane that Navy Lieutenant Alford J. Williams commissioned to represent the United States in the 1929 event . The Naval Aircraft Factory in Philadelphia built the racer but bungled its construction, Williams told a Senate committee the following spring, and he couldn't compete in the race. Parts of the overweight seaplane ended up at Philadelphia's Franklin Institute, where Maloney saw them in the early 1950s. When he checked back years later, he found that the Institute had scrapped the remaining parts.
Maloney and the Planes of Fame museum continue the racing tradition by sending the museum's Lockheed T-33 jet trainer to be the pace plane at the Reno, Nevada. The museum's first T-bird started flying that role in 1990; in recent years, the museum acquired a Canadian-built T-33 to do the job.
Comments (3)
Instead, says Maloney, "We stood down until we could get some competition. The British didn't do that in '31; they said, if nobody can make it, that's their tough luck."
That's forgetting that if the British didn't do the race in 1931 they probably wouldn't be able to do it anyway. Finding money and support for the 1931 Schneider race was problematic enough. And one important reason the US didn't get the trophy was the lack of interest from the government in the last US edition of it. The amount of support given to the racing teams, which reflected on the type of aircraft they used, was very low comparing to the precious editions. In that, the US focus had shifted somewhere else.
Posted by Ricardo Reis on September 3,2009 | 06:08 AM
In the US Navy as an Aviation Electronics Technician's Mate in 1946, I flew in a Grumman JF2 in the rear cockpit on several occasions as radio operator. I flew over Hiroshima in April 1946 and observed the atomic bomb destruction. The air museum in Valle has a beautifully restored JF2 plane.
One of my jobs was to "straddle" the pilot in the front cockpit and attach a hook to the upper wing. The crane on the rear of the Light Cruiser Atlanta (CL-104) then lifted the plane from the water onto the deck of the ship. That was an interesting experience for a 19 year old sailor.
Bill Sabin, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, May 15,2010
Posted by William E. Sabin on May 15,2010 | 02:16 AM
Sirs
My brother and I are researching into our Great Uncle Bertram Dickson an early air Pioneer witha fascinating history. He carried out the first ever air recce on troops exercising on Salisbury Plain in England in 1910. We will celebrate the 21 Sept event this month on the ground. it was done in front of many extremely senior officers and government officials.There is wonderful footage of the event available. Bertram won the Schneider Cup at Tours , France in 1910. We wonder if you have any information on this wonderful pioneer. He was a flying legend and is still to be fully recognised here in the UK but this is likely to change with publicity expected on 21 Sept 2010.
Rgds
William Dickson
Posted by William Dickson on September 2,2010 | 03:47 AM